Ibn Mas’ud, al-Fatiha, and al-Mu’awwidhatain
Waqar Akbar Cheema Abstract The absence of three surahs from the mushaf of the revered companion Ibn Mas‘ud has long been a focal point in debates surrounding the history of the Qur’anic text. Critics have often used this to question the narrative of its flawless preservation, while others defend his omission as reflecting personal practice […]
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